Monday, July 20, 2009

Climate change in the rural village

6:02 a.m. July 18, 2009


Al and Jim wade the river to get the shot.
It is absolutely pouring where I’m sitting, looking out at the Mekong River. It’s going to be another long day, but right now it’s peaceful and calm. And the coffee is strong.

We are in Laos to see the work MSU is doing with jatropha and carbon credits. But, unlike Thailand, in Laos the effort is raw and new. They’ve been growing jatropha, but the idea of refining it efficiently is just taking hold. The notion of carbon sequestration as a commodity is really still in the brainchild stage.


Yang talks with Jim about climate change in Ban Lao.
But it’s all coming and we are here to take a look.

We headed out from the capitol city of Vientiane early yesterday and hit the road to some very rural areas in Laos. “Hitting” the road can be a quite literal thing as many are shredded and more pothole than asphalt..”

Jamie DePolo who’s here covering this trip for MSU News calls the driving “freeform.” I think that covers it pretty well. The lanes seem to be suggestions rather than mandates. And after spending some time among the manic drivers I can only imagine the rule book from the Lao DMV is slim.


A little girl in Ban Lao watching the crew.
But it works.

We careened at breakneck speed along winding roads, missing all the hazards except the aforementioned potholes. Poor Al was stuck in the backseat, holding the camera in his lap where lens met head more than once.

Dr. Sithong Thongmanivong is with the Faculty of Forestry of the National University of Laos. He’s been working with Jay Samek and Dave Skole for years. And drove us expertly through the maze of bikes, scooters, goats, cattle and the occasional water buffalo.


Al shoots in the village of Ban Lao.
“The people here know something is different with the climate,” he told me. “They see the floods and too much water and wonder why.”

Getting to the villages means a severe change in landscape. Vientiane is a bustling city, no doubt, but it has a lot of rustic roads. Jay laughs, “I mean, come on. How many capitol cities do you know with dirt roads?!”


Lao road food.
From the exhaust choked streets that make you pray for carbon sequestration, we head out to a beat up highway that’s under construction. The workers are sweating in the fierce heat trying to get the road done for the upcoming SEA Games. SEA standing for South East Asia, the games are a sort of mini-Olympics that’ll take place late this year.

We’re trying to make our way quickly so we don’t really take any time for lunch. We’re traveling with some of the officials from the National University of Laos and some others interested in our project. They grab some slippery-looking stuff to go, Al and I go with Cokes and Pringles.

Okay, so I need to put in a quick word about the potato chips here. They are AMAZING! It’s not the chips; they’re the same. It’s the flavors. Why do Lays and Pringles kick out such wonderful chip coatings here and not in the States? I dined on Lime Basil Lays and consumed truly embarrassing amounts of Garlic Basil Pringles. I’m telling you, nirvana. They might not get the cheeseburgers right in this country, but the chips rock. And, since I am being totally honest, I declined some pretty intriguing versions. I let Spicy Squid Pringles stay where they were and managed to turn down offerings of Tangy Urchin Mango Snail Lays.

All right, so I made that last one up. But it was something like that.

Pringles, Lays…bring us the flavor!

And now back to carbon and jatropha.

We’re standing in Ban Lao, a small village where the streets are muddy and rutted. Sithong translates for me as I talk with some of the villagers about the idea of climate change. A woman named Yang, surrounded my small children, tells me she’s seen the weather change. She says there’s no rain and then too much.

“Can you imagine that engines and machines could change the weather?”

Her eyebrows go up a bit as she thinks.

“No.”

Sithong says the people here live their entire lives in this village and don’t get much news from outside. “We need to explain how carbon and all that effects climate.”

Like I said, the effort here is new. In Thailand they’ve been working on it for a while. Government officials there tell me that it’s critical for the local farmers to learn about climate change, greenhouse gasses, agriculture and how it’s all related. In Thailand they send people into the field, into the villages to talk about this face-to-face. Here in Laos, it’s not that far along.

“We are working on that,” Sithong says.

There is jatropha grown here. It’s integrated; planted among pineapple and other cash crops. We get some shots after changing into shorts and wading a flooded stream up to our waists.

Deep in the muck, slogging through the water carrying the camera high, Al gives me a smile and that “I can’t believe what we’re doing” look.

This is why we’re here. It might not feel like research, but it is.

“This is the lab, “ Jay tells me. “This is where it’s happening.”

I ask Yang how it’s going with the jatropha.

“I don’t know. The government tells us to grow it. We grow it. We pick it. We save it. But no one has come to buy it. So we wait.”

Walking back to the truck, Sithong tells me one of the first things he’s going to do is find a buyer for these jatropha seeds.

“Like I said, this is new. But it’s good.”

I said at the beginning of this that yesterday was a long day. It was another in a string of long days. But it doesn’t matter. 14 hours of driving and banging our heads, of wading through streams and eating Pringles seems worth it. Standing in a tiny village where people’s entire lives are lived and listening to their stories is worth it. Seeing what places like this with your own eyes really is priceless.

It’s very basic. Dirt streets, livestock wandering around, children playing with sticks in the heat. These people rely on the crops and the land. They are going to be some of the first hit by any changes in the climate. And they are some of the first to start making a difference with what they’re learning from people like Sithong and our MSU team. Standing here, it’s a lot easier to “get it.” It’s a lot easier to understand why Dave Skole calls climate change “the greatest threat to peace and prosperity in the world.”

So, yeah, it’s worth it.

And so I sit with another coffee, staring at the rain pounding the Mekong River.

I’m dry and I’m comfortable.

I’m writing this blog.

But I’m thinking about Ban Lao.

Wednesday, July 15, 2009

Jatropha trees and biofuels: How MSU is tackling climate change

6:53a.m. July 15, 2009: Sakon Nakhon, Thailand
I am sitting with some coffee in the lobby restaurant of the Majestic Hotel. Sakon Nakhon is a town I bet no one reading this has heard of. I don’t know exactly how big it is but it’s big enough for a few pretty big hotels, markets and even a pizza place(!).

Women pick the nuts in scalding, steamy conditions from the jatropha trees and take them into their village where they are squeezed for fuel or taken to larger processing centers.


We’re getting ready to head back down to Bangkok after four days up here in the northeast part of the country. It’s been a good productive shoot, but just very hot and humid. Yesterday was the first day we got a bit of a break. It was cloudy, rainy and only in the mid-80’s. Refreshing.

The work MSU is doing here is front-lines-in-the-war-on-climate-change stuff. This is where farmers are being paid to plant trees instead of things like rice and cassava. Communities in these rural areas work cooperatively to raise, harvest and sometimes process things like jatropha trees. The trees help get rid of the carbon instead of adding to the global problem like those other admittedly important crops.

Rice fields are great for growing rice, but many are here at the expense of











Jatropha nuts before shelling and pressing for biofuels.

forests and trees. And they emit methane, one of the worst greenhouse gasses. One of the leading causes of global warming is deforestation for things like rice fields. But people need rice to eat and live. So they need something they can plant and harvest to take its place, or at least so they don’t plant any more..

That’s where Michigan State University comes in. We’ve been specifically looking at the work guys like Dave Skole and Jay Samek from MSU are doing with jatropha trees. These shrubby specimens produce nuts that can be squished for an oil that’s used as biofuel. People have been using these nuts for fuel for lanterns and things like that forever. MSU is working with local farmers, villages and cooperatives to help grow more trees and get the processing in place to make the oil production more efficient

Picking the jatropha nuts in north Thailand.

and useful to the people.

It’s interesting to me that the goal of this work is not directly aimed at helping local farmers and their communities, but does. The goal is to stop climate change and global warming. The goal is to help save the world. They’re trying to do it by cutting down on greenhouse gasses by things like growing more jatropha trees and getting more biofuels into the mix. A byproduct of that is giving farmers a way to make more money. Win win, win.

We’ve been out in the fields, sweating like crazy, trying to tell this story. I am not sure I have ever drank so much water in my life.

So now we’re headed back down to Bangkok by van and then on to Laos for more work with jatropha trees and to see how that country is battling greenhouse gas emissions and trying to get the local to take advantage of carbon credits. Along the way we’re going to stop at the oldest temple or wat in Thailand. It’s supposed to be pretty impressive and is a holy site to the Thai people.

I’m hoping this coffee kicks in soon. It’s gonna be a long hot day in the van, I can tell.

Tuesday, July 14, 2009

Sparty in Thailand




Sparty with kids from the Mae Oi area of the Inpang West Network in Sawang Daen Din in the Sakon Nakhon Province of Thailand.

Friday, July 10, 2009

The road to Khon Kaen

7:35a.m. July 10, 2009: Bangkok to Khon Kaen
My eyes are burning as we load the van in Bangkok. We've got about a 6 hour drive ahead of us. Thankfully my eyes are only burning from the fumes in the air, not from the severe lack of sleep that's stinging Al.

Jet lag is an interesting thing. Yesterday I was in a travel-induced fugue state after planes, connections, crossing date lines and a sleepless night. Today it's poor Al who was up most of the night and slept through his alarm. I'd attach a picture, but viewing his grim visage might be too disturbing to for some of the younger members of our audience.

Highway north toward Khon Kaen.

It's a bright, hot, blindingly sunny day. We're blasting north along the highway toward Khon Kaen where we'll be seeing some of the areas where the carbon offsets are in action.

The whole idea of carbon offsets is complicated and I keep trying to come up with a way to simplify it. So, very basically, farmers are payed for planting trees and plants and managing the land to help make up for carbon that's been emitted and is being released.

I want to point out that the above sentence was crafted after literally an hour and a half of discussing just the right way to sum up the idea of carbon credits in a simple sentence. Jay Samek of the MSU Forestry Department is terrific at explaining the intricacies of how carbon markets work, but let's face it, this is a blog. You're probably not here for a detailed analysis of carbon offsets and the implications for Annex 1 and Annex 2 countries as determined by the Kyoto Protocols.

Or am I wrong?

I'm surprised by how good the highway is out here. The streets of Bangkok are an exhaust choked maze. This road is wide open and fast. A nice change.

Journalist Jamie DePolo and I are the only ones awake as we cruise along.

Well, the driver's awake. I hope. I noticed he's using the MSU key chain I gave him. Good to spread the word and the Spartan spirit.

9:30a.m.

Ah, the magic of a truckstop.

We're stopped for gas and everyone, except the slack-jawed and snoozing Al, piled out of the barely air conditioned van and into the Thai truckstop. "Jiffy Stop," technically.


Thailand truckstop.

I love truckstops. A couple of weeks ago I bought two breakfast burritos at a spot just of I-80, deep in Wyoming. Leaning heavily on guidance from knowledgeable denizens of such environs, "Yup. I'd go with the steak and taters or that there eggie kinda porky thing if'n yer hungry," I found myself with some heartstoppingly good roadfood in the cradle of the interstate at 2:00a.m.

But this is Thailand and there's no "porky thing" in site. There are, however, fresh dim sum and the ever-present rolling hotdog cooker with frighteningly pale tubes flecked with Thai.

Wednesday, July 8, 2009

Breakfast in Thailand

6:00 a.m. July 8, 2009: Bangkok, Thailand
I am sitting in a very sleek, modern hotel room in Bangkok, Thailand trying to find all the pieces to the alarm clock I just threw across the room. You do odd things when you’re a bit sleep deprived and, yes, a bit angry at an alarm you didn’t set.

While I’m not sure this is the right frame of mind to be writing, I wanted to give it a shot.

I’m in Thailand working on some stories for the MSUToday show. I’m here with our director and videographer Alberto Moreno, David Skole and Jay Samek who are the forestry experts from Michigan State University and Jamie DePolo who’s writing news stories about all of this for MSU News.

We’re here for two weeks of production that will take us around Thailand and into Laos. We’ll be checking out the work MSU is doing with biofuels, sustainability, carbon credits and lots of other things I’ll go into after I wake up all the way.

We got to Bangkok just before midnight. It was about 24 hours after leaving Detroit. While I don’t think two hours in Narita Airport qualifies for having “been to Japan,” it was cool to have my feet on the ground in Asia for the first time. Well, actually that’s not true. We were in Dubai on a shoot last fall, which is technically Asia, but doesn’t feel very Asian.

Anyway…So it was about a 12-hour flight from Detroit to Tokyo, then another six to Bangkok. A very hot, very humid cab ride to the hotel where I am.

After being perplexed by the light switches in the room and spending almost an hour on the phone with the “experts” from my wireless carrier (who shall remain nameless) trying (successfully!) to get my global BlackBerry to actually work globally, I collapsed into bed just after 3:00a.m.

I was looking forward to the fewer than four hours of sleep I had in store so you can imagine my horror at the 5:30a.m. alarm I did not set. And so maybe you can also understand why I felt compelled to make time literally fly a few minutes ago.

And you can probably understand why I am praying for coffee in Thailand.

8:05a.m.

Just back from the breakfast buffet . I am happy to report that not only do they have coffee, but that it is nice and strong. I’m not generally a big fan of the breakfast buffet, but when it includes both bacon AND dim sum…well…that’s pretty tough to beat.

Bangkok breakfast “American.”


Dim sum breakfast in Bangkok.
So now it’s off to get some shots around town and try to get a feel for the place.

Dave Skole just told me that Thailand is the Land of Smiles.”You can pretty much get anything done if you smile enough.”

The people here do seem friendly, very courteous.

Of course, they haven’t seen what I did to the clock yet.